Showing posts with label nvidia. Show all posts
Showing posts with label nvidia. Show all posts

Friday

Develop a Customize LLM Agent

 

Photo by MART PRODUCTION at pexel

If you’re interested in customizing an agent for a specific task, one way to do this is to fine-tune the models on your dataset. 

For preparing dataset you can see this article.

1. Curate the Dataset

- Using NeMo Curator:

  - Install NVIDIA NeMo: `pip install nemo_toolkit`

  - Use NeMo Curator to prepare your dataset according to your specific requirements.


2. Fine-Tune the Model


- Using NeMo Framework:

  1. Setup NeMo:

     ```python

     import nemo

     import nemo.collections.nlp as nemo_nlp

     ```

  2. Prepare the Data:

     ```python

     # Example to prepare dataset

     from nemo.collections.nlp.data.text_to_text import TextToTextDataset

     dataset = TextToTextDataset(file_path="path_to_your_dataset")

     ```

  3. Fine-Tune the Model:

     ```python

     model = nemo_nlp.models.NLPModel.from_pretrained("pretrained_model_name")

     model.train(dataset)

     model.save_to("path_to_save_fine_tuned_model")

     ```


- Using HuggingFace Transformers:

  1. Install Transformers:

     ```sh

     pip install transformers

     ```

  2. Load Pretrained Model:

     ```python

     from transformers import AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM, AutoTokenizer, Trainer, TrainingArguments


     model_name = "pretrained_model_name"

     model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained(model_name)

     tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)

     ```

  3. Prepare the Data:

     ```python

     from datasets import load_dataset


     dataset = load_dataset("path_to_your_dataset")

     tokenized_dataset = dataset.map(lambda x: tokenizer(x['text'], truncation=True, padding=True), batched=True)

     ```

  4. Fine-Tune the Model:

     ```python

     training_args = TrainingArguments(

         output_dir="./results",

         evaluation_strategy="epoch",

         learning_rate=2e-5,

         per_device_train_batch_size=16,

         per_device_eval_batch_size=16,

         num_train_epochs=3,

         weight_decay=0.01,

     )


     trainer = Trainer(

         model=model,

         args=training_args,

         train_dataset=tokenized_dataset['train'],

         eval_dataset=tokenized_dataset['validation']

     )


     trainer.train()

     model.save_pretrained("path_to_save_fine_tuned_model")

     tokenizer.save_pretrained("path_to_save_tokenizer")

     ```


3. Develop an Agent with LangChain


1. Install LangChain:

   ```sh

   pip install langchain

   ```


2. Load the Fine-Tuned Model:

   ```python

   from transformers import AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM, AutoTokenizer

   from langchain.llms import HuggingFaceLLM


   model = AutoModelForSeq2SeqLM.from_pretrained("path_to_save_fine_tuned_model")

   tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("path_to_save_tokenizer")


   llm = HuggingFaceLLM(model=model, tokenizer=tokenizer)

   ```


3. Define the Agent:

   ```python

   from langchain.agents import Agent


   agent = Agent(

       llm=llm,

       tools=["tool1", "tool2"],  # Specify the tools your agent will use

       memory="memory_option",    # Specify memory options if any

   )

   ```


4. Use the Agent:

   ```python

   response = agent("Your prompt here")

   print(response)

   ```


This process guides you through curating the dataset, fine-tuning the model, and integrating it into the LangChain framework to develop a custom agent.

You can get more details guide links following.

https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/training

https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Curator/tree/main/examples

https://docs.smith.langchain.com/old/cookbook/fine-tuning-examples

Saturday

NVIDIA CUDA

 CUDA

To install NVIDIA CUDA with your GeForce 940MX GPU and Intel Core i7 processor, follow these steps:

  1. Verify GPU Compatibility: First, ensure that your GPU (GeForce 940MX) is supported by CUDA. According to the NVIDIA forums, the 940MX is indeed supported1. You can also check the official NVIDIA specifications for the GeForce 940MX, which confirms its CUDA support2.

  2. System Requirements: To use CUDA on your system, you’ll need the following installed:

  3. Download and Install CUDA Toolkit:

    • Visit the NVIDIA CUDA Toolkit download page and select the appropriate version for your system.
    • Follow the installation instructions provided on the page. Make sure to choose the correct version for your operating system.
  4. Test the Installation: After installation, verify that CUDA is working correctly:

    • Open a command prompt or terminal.
    • Run the following command to check if CUDA is installed:
      nvcc --version
      
    • If you see version information, CUDA is installed successfully.

Remember that CUDA enables parallel computing on GPUs, allowing you to harness their power for high-performance tasks. Good luck with your CUDA development! 😊

Friday

What are the basic technology behind Nvidia risen to infinity

 

Photo by Izabel 🏳️‍🌈 on Unsplash

Nvidia reached $1 trillion as first chip maker. We all know that this company famous for its GPU and AI processing cheaps. NVIDIA invents the GPU and drives advances in AI, HPC, gaming, creative design, autonomous vehicles, and robotics.

Let quickly know about the main technologies behind it.

Both NAND flash memory and DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) play important roles in supporting GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) and AI (Artificial Intelligence) applications.

  1. NAND Flash Memory: NAND flash memory is used in GPU and AI systems for long-term data storage and retrieval. It provides high-capacity, non-volatile storage that retains data even when the power is turned off. GPUs and AI systems often require large amounts of data storage for training datasets, model parameters, and intermediate results. NAND flash memory, such as SSDs (Solid-State Drives), is commonly used to store this data. The fast read speeds of NAND flash memory allow for quick access to the stored data, which is essential for efficient GPU and AI processing.
  2. DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory): DRAM is a type of volatile memory that provides fast and temporary data storage for GPUs and AI systems. DRAM is used for storing the active working sets of data during GPU computations and AI training/inference processes. It provides high-speed data access and allows for quick read and write operations. DRAM is essential for handling the large amounts of data processed by GPUs and AI algorithms in real-time. It helps in improving the overall performance and responsiveness of GPU and AI applications by providing fast access to the required data.

In summary, NAND flash memory is used for long-term data storage and retrieval, while DRAM provides temporary and high-speed data storage for efficient GPU and AI processing. Together, they enable GPUs and AI systems to handle large datasets, perform complex computations, and deliver high-performance computing capabilities.

Let go little deeper into them.

Photo by Liam Briese on Unsplash

DRAM stands for Dynamic Random Access Memory. It is a type of computer memory that is commonly used as the main memory in computing systems. DRAM stores each bit of data in a separate capacitor within an integrated circuit, and the information is accessed by reading the electrical charge stored in the capacitors.

Image from Pixabay

DRAM is volatile memory, meaning that its data is lost when the power supply is removed. It requires constant power to retain the stored information. DRAM is used to store data that is actively being accessed by the computer’s processor, providing fast and temporary storage for executing programs and processing data.

DRAM is widely used in various computing devices, including personal computers, servers, laptops, and mobile devices. It offers high memory density, relatively fast access times, and lower cost compared to other memory technologies. However, it is slower than other types of memory, such as SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), and requires periodic refreshing to maintain data integrity.

NAND is a type of non-volatile memory technology that is widely used in electronic devices for data storage. It stands for “NOT-AND” and refers to the basic logic gate operation that forms the building block of NAND memory cells.

NAND memory is a type of flash memory, which means it retains data even when the power supply is turned off. It is commonly used in devices such as USB flash drives, solid-state drives (SSDs), memory cards, and other storage devices.

NAND memory cells are organized in a grid-like structure, where each cell stores multiple bits of data. The memory cells are made up of floating-gate transistors that can be electrically programmed and erased. Data can be written to NAND memory by applying a voltage to the control gate of the memory cell, and it can be erased by applying a higher voltage to remove the stored charge.

NAND memory offers high storage capacity, fast read speeds, and lower cost compared to other types of non-volatile memory. It is widely used in consumer electronics and enterprise storage systems for its reliability and efficiency. However, NAND memory has limitations such as limited endurance (number of write/erase cycles) and slower write speeds compared to volatile memory technologies like DRAM.

Hope I help you to brush your memory a little bit. Long back Intel and AMD both uses additional math co processor to process mathematical calculations faster and help main micro processor.

Now we tell mainly GPU processor to process high end game, AI, video, text, audio and so on.

Image by Gordon Johnson from Pixabay

Will Intel and AMD overtake the Nvidia in near future with their main processor taking over the additional GPU chipset?

It is possible that Intel and AMD could overtake Nvidia in the near future with their main processor taking over the additional GPU chipset. Both companies have been investing heavily in new CPU architectures that include integrated graphics, and they are starting to show promise. For example, Intel’s 12th Gen Core processors offer significantly better integrated graphics than previous generations, and AMD’s Ryzen 6000 series processors also offer competitive integrated graphics.

If Intel and AMD can continue to improve the performance of their integrated graphics, they could eventually make Nvidia’s discrete GPUs obsolete for many users. This would be a major shift in the graphics market, and it would likely lead to a decline in Nvidia’s market share.

However, it is important to note that Nvidia is not sitting still. The company is also investing heavily in new GPU architectures, and it is likely to release even more powerful discrete GPUs in the coming years. As a result, it is too early to say for sure whether Intel and AMD will be able to overtake Nvidia in the near future.

Here are some factors that could affect whether Intel and AMD are able to overtake Nvidia:

  • The performance of their integrated graphics
  • The price of their CPUs
  • The availability of their CPUs
  • The demand for discrete GPUs
  • Nvidia’s response to Intel and AMD’s integrated graphics

It is also worth noting that the graphics market is constantly evolving, and it is possible that new technologies could emerge that make Nvidia’s discrete GPUs obsolete. For example, if quantum computing becomes a reality, it could be used to create new types of graphics processors that are far more powerful than anything that is currently available.

As a result, it is impossible to say for sure whether Intel and AMD will be able to overtake Nvidia in the near future. However, it is clear that both companies are making a concerted effort to do so, and it will be interesting to see how the market evolves in the coming years.

Thank you for reading.